Minecraft如何制作修改和制作方块模型

本教程使用的blockstates和models文件为1.8.9的资源，

可能不适用于新版本！

请拥有一定JSON基础和材质包制作基础再进行阅读！

Blockstates和Models文件夹

解压1.8.9.jar，你可以发现里面有asstes这个文件夹，这个是各种资源存储的地方，包括Models和Blockstates。
Models是指模型，Blockstates是指方块状态，而Models是在Blockstates之中被调用的，

Blockstates

这是已激活的中继器的Blockstates，其中记录了他全部的状态，如在1tick延迟，2tick延迟下的状态。

{
    "variants": {
        "delay=1,facing=south,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_1tick" },
        "delay=1,facing=west,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_1tick", "y": 90 },
        "delay=1,facing=north,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_1tick", "y": 180 },
        "delay=1,facing=east,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_1tick", "y": 270 },
        "delay=2,facing=south,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_2tick" },
        "delay=2,facing=west,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_2tick", "y": 90 },
        "delay=2,facing=north,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_2tick", "y": 180 },
        "delay=2,facing=east,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_2tick", "y": 270 },
        "delay=3,facing=south,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_3tick" },
        "delay=3,facing=west,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_3tick", "y": 90 },
        "delay=3,facing=north,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_3tick", "y": 180 },
        "delay=3,facing=east,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_3tick", "y": 270 },
        "delay=4,facing=south,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_4tick" },
        "delay=4,facing=west,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_4tick", "y": 90 },
        "delay=4,facing=north,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_4tick", "y": 180 },
        "delay=4,facing=east,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_4tick", "y": 270 },
        "delay=1,facing=south,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_1tick" },
        "delay=1,facing=west,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_1tick", "y": 90 },
        "delay=1,facing=north,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_1tick", "y": 180 },
        "delay=1,facing=east,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_1tick", "y": 270 },
        "delay=2,facing=south,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_2tick" },
        "delay=2,facing=west,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_2tick", "y": 90 },
        "delay=2,facing=north,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_2tick", "y": 180 },
        "delay=2,facing=east,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_2tick", "y": 270 },
        "delay=3,facing=south,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_3tick" },
        "delay=3,facing=west,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_3tick", "y": 90 },
        "delay=3,facing=north,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_3tick", "y": 180 },
        "delay=3,facing=east,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_3tick", "y": 270 },
        "delay=4,facing=south,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_4tick" },
        "delay=4,facing=west,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_4tick", "y": 90 },
        "delay=4,facing=north,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_4tick", "y": 180 },
        "delay=4,facing=east,locked=true": { "model": "repeater_on_locked_4tick", "y": 270 }
    }
}

就拿第一行的来说，delay表示延迟，facing表示方向，locked表示是否被锁存。

而最重要的就是后面的model，这个属性指定了中继器在此情况下要加载哪个模型。

另外，这个model是可以在Models文件夹被找到的。

接下来就以repeater_on_1tick这个模型讲一下。

"delay=1,facing=south,locked=false": { "model": "repeater_on_1tick" }

Models

这个就是它的模型文件了，

{
    "ambientocclusion": false,
    "textures": {
        "particle": "blocks/repeater_on",
        "slab": "blocks/stone_slab_top",
        "top": "blocks/repeater_on",
        "lit": "blocks/redstone_torch_on"
    },
    "elements": [
        {
            "from": [ 0, 0, 0 ],
            "to": [ 16, 2, 16 ],
            "faces": {
                "down":  { "uv": [ 0,  0, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "down" },
                "up":    { "uv": [ 0,  0, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#top" },
                "north": { "uv": [ 0, 14, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "north" },
                "south": { "uv": [ 0, 14, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "south" },
                "west":  { "uv": [ 0, 14, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "west" },
                "east":  { "uv": [ 0, 14, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "east" }
            }
        },
        {   "from": [ 7, 7, 6 ],
            "to": [ 9, 7, 8 ],
            "faces": {
                "up":   { "uv": [ 7, 6, 9, 8 ], "texture": "#lit" }
            }
        },
        {   "from": [ 7, 2, 5 ],
            "to": [ 9, 8, 9 ],
            "faces": {
                "west": { "uv": [ 6, 5, 10, 11 ], "texture": "#lit" },
                "east": { "uv": [ 6, 5, 10, 11 ], "texture": "#lit" }
            }
        },
        {   "from": [ 6, 2, 6 ],
            "to": [ 10, 8, 8 ],
            "faces": {
                "north": { "uv": [ 6, 5, 10, 11 ], "texture": "#lit" },
                "south": { "uv": [ 6, 5, 10, 11 ], "texture": "#lit" }
            }
        },
        {   "from": [ 7, 7, 2 ],
            "to": [ 9, 7, 4 ],
            "faces": {
                "up":   { "uv": [ 7, 6, 9, 8 ], "texture": "#lit" }
            }
        },
        {   "from": [ 7, 2, 1 ],
            "to": [ 9, 8, 5 ],
            "faces": {
                "west": { "uv": [ 6, 5, 10, 11 ], "texture": "#lit" },
                "east": { "uv": [ 6, 5, 10, 11 ], "texture": "#lit" }
            }
        },
        {   "from": [ 6, 2, 2 ],
            "to": [ 10, 8, 4 ],
            "faces": {
                "north": { "uv": [ 6, 5, 10, 11 ], "texture": "#lit" },
                "south": { "uv": [ 6, 5, 10, 11 ], "texture": "#lit" }
            }
        }
    ]
}

Ambientocclusion

ambientocclusion具体有什么用不知道，但是翻译过来是环境光遮蔽。

Textures

"textures": {
        "particle": "blocks/repeater_on",
        "slab": "blocks/stone_slab_top",
        "top": "blocks/repeater_on",
        "lit": "blocks/redstone_torch_on"
    }

textures对象之下表示在此模型文件中要调用的一切贴图文件。
拿particle举例。

"particle": "blocks/repeater_on"

"blocks/repeater_on"其实是贴图文件的位置，你可以在textures文件夹找到对应的文件。

"particle"表示该贴图的名字、代号，并且名字只在本模型文件内生效。

而elements中需要调用的就是"particle",也就是贴图的名字、代号。

Elements

elements是一个集合类对象，表示模型的各种部件的集合，或者就叫各种部件，并且指定了部件的大小，使用的材质。

"elements": [
        {
            "from": [ 0, 0, 0 ],
            "to": [ 16, 2, 16 ],
            "faces": {
                "down":  { "uv": [ 0,  0, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "down" },
                "up":    { "uv": [ 0,  0, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#top" },
                "north": { "uv": [ 0, 14, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "north" },
                "south": { "uv": [ 0, 14, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "south" },
                "west":  { "uv": [ 0, 14, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "west" },
                "east":  { "uv": [ 0, 14, 16, 16 ], "texture": "#slab", "cullface": "east" }
            }
        }

from to表示这个部件的长宽高。

因为部件实际上就是一个指定了长宽高的长方体，所以只需要用到2个顶点就可以表示它的大小了。

"from": [ x1, y1, z1 ],
"to": [ x2, y2, z2 ],

faces表示这个部件六个面使用的材质、贴图，如up面，north面…

拿up面举例子，uv，表示使用该贴图的哪个地方，它实际上是一个长方形的两个顶点的集合，也就是说：

"uv": [ x1, y1, x2, y2 ]

注意下，这个y并不是高度，是宽度。
如果你的uv超过或者低于这个面的大小，那么就会分别出现压缩和拉伸的问题。